Epilepsy in Mexico: A Network Disease Beyond Seizures and its Impact on the Patient
Keywords:
Epilepsy, public health in Mexico, diagnosis, stigma, primary healthcare, barriers to careAbstract
Despite being a universally recognised condition, epilepsy in Mexico remains a clinical and social dilemma, often overlooked amidst emerging public health priorities. Discredited by a legacy of persistent beliefs, the condition is obscured by outdated interpretations and stigmas that hinder not only early recognition but also ongoing intervention—a challenge exacerbated for healthcare professionals by the overlap of symptoms with other disorders and the lack of defined care pathways. This diagnostic uncertainty is exacerbated by a chronic shortage of resources and lack of accessibility, making specialised care and medication unsustainable in the long term for many families in the country. This results in a common environment where academic, occupational and social exclusion are the norm; the emotional and financial cost of this condition grows silently until it becomes intolerable and leads to a decline in mental health, whilst institutional care barely scratches the surface of a problem that is not immediately apparent.
References
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Las epilepsias y las crisis: Esperanza en la investigación. Bethesda (MD): National Institutes of Health; 2021. Disponible en: https://www.ninds.nih.gov/sites/default/files/2025-05/las-epilepsias-y-lascrisis-esperanza-en-la-investigacion.pdf
Manford M. Recent advances in epilepsy. J Neurol. 2017;264:1811-1824. doi:10.1007/s00415-017-8394-2
Reséndiz-Aparicio JC, Pérez-García JC, Olivas-Peña E, García-Cuevas E, Roque-Villavicencio YL, Hernández-Hernández M, et al. Guía clínica: definición y clasificación de la epilepsia. Rev Mex Neurocienc. 2019;20(2):7-12. doi:10.24875/rmn.m19000052
Zubirán S. Crisis convulsivas. En: Manual de terapéutica médica y procedimientos de urgencias. México: McGraw Hill Medical; 2011. Disponible en: https://accessmedicina.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=1479§ionid=99181742
World Health Organization. Epilepsy: a public health imperative. Geneva: WHO; 2019. Disponible en: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/epilepsy-a-public-health-imperative
Barragán E. Epilepsia y condiciones psiquiátricas relacionadas. En: Borredá L, Irarrázaval M, Martin A, editores. Manual de salud mental infantil y adolescente de la IACAPAP. 2018. Disponible en: https://www.iacapap.org/_Resources/Persistent/2707cfe8d2a398701c33a83e6b62a6b0354df5f6/I.2-Epilepsia-Spanish-2018.pdf
San-Juan D, Alvarado-León S, Barraza-Díaz J, Davila-Avila NM, Ruiz AH, Anschel DJ. Prevalence of epilepsy, beliefs and attitudes in a rural community in Mexico: a door-to-door survey. Epilepsy Behav. 2015;46:140-143. doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2015.03.025
Noriega-Morales G, Shkurovich-Bialik P. Situación de la epilepsia en México y América Latina. An Med Asoc Med Hosp ABC. 2020;65(3):224-232. doi:10.35366/95680.
Malik NI, Fatima R, Ullah I, Atta M, Awan A, Nashwan AJ, et al. Perceived stigma, discrimination and psychological problems among patients with epilepsy. Front Psychiatry. 2022;13:1000870. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1000870
Pesqueira GQ, San-Juan D, Albarrán RH, Vazquez ML, Canales GQ, Pesqueira JG. A systematic review of the epidemiology of epilepsy in Mexico during 1970 to 2020. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2023;81(1):74-80. doi:10.1055/s-0042-1758647
Beniczky S, Trinka E, Wirrell E, Abdulla F, Al Baradie R, Alonso Vanegas M, et al. Updated classification of epileptic seizures: position paper of the International League Against Epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2025;66(6):1804-1823. doi:10.1111/epi.18338
Solari BF. Crisis epilépticas en la población infantil. Rev Med Clin Condes. 2011;22(5):647-654. doi:10.1016/S0716-8640(11)70477-1
Cruz-Cruz MR, Gallardo-Elías J, Paredes-Solís S, Legorreta-Soberanis J, Flores-Moreno M, Andersson N. Factores asociados a epilepsia en niños en México: un estudio caso-control. Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex. 2017;74(5):334-340. Disponible en: https://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1665-11462017000500334
Briones Garduño JC, Orozco Zúñiga B, Villa Guerrero M, Borges Ibáñez M, De Anda Aguilar L, Hernández Martínez SJ, et al. Embarazo en la adolescencia: una crisis de salud pendiente por resolver. Rev CONAMED. 2024;29(4). Disponible en: http://www.conamed.gob.mx/gobmx/revista/pdf/vol_29_2024/art_48.pdf
Vásquez Uyaguari BE, Puetate Cuenca JE, García Navarrete CK, García Rivera JM. Consecuencias de la asfixia perinatal en fetos o recién nacidos. 2021. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.26820/recimundo/5.(4).dic.2021.315-322
Ruggiero SM, Xian J, Helbig I. The current landscape of epilepsy genetics: where are we, and where are we going? Curr Opin Neurol. 2023;36(2):86-94. doi:10.1097/WCO.0000000000001141
Bruscky IS, Leite RAA, Correia CC, Ferreira MLB. Characterization of epilepsy with onset after 60 years of age. Rev Bras Geriatr Gerontol. 2016;19(2):343-350. Disponible en: https://www.scielo.br
Suástegui Román RA, Lee Á, Hernández Vanegas LE, Pacheco-Aispuro G, Bowles B, Mader C, et al. Newonset geriatric epilepsy in a Latin American country: a multicentric study from Mexico. Rev Invest Clin. 2023;75(4):203-211. doi:10.24875/RIC.23000057
Begley C, Wagner RG, Abraham A, Beghi E, Newton C, Kwon CS, et al. The global cost of epilepsy: a
systematic review and extrapolation. Epilepsia. 2022;63(4):892-903. doi:10.1111/epi.17165
Barajas-Hernández LR, Castillo Valencia CY, Hernández-Vanegas NP, Moreno-Vargas MO, Moreno Jiménez S, Hernández-Vanegas LE. Direct and indirect costs of epilepsy in Mexico: economic and social implications. Discov Public Health. 2025;22(1):1-11. doi:10.1186/s12982-025-00537-2
López González FJ, Villanueva Haba V, Falip Centelles M, Toledo Argany M, Campos Blanco D. Manual de práctica clínica en epilepsia: recomendaciones diagnóstico-terapéuticas de la SEN 2019. España: Sociedad Española de Neurología; 2019. Disponible en: https://www.sen.es/pdf/guias/ GuiaEpilepsiaSEN2019.pdf
Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI). Encuesta Nacional de Ingresos y Gastos de los Hogares (ENIGH) 2024. Comunicado de prensa 112/25. México: INEGI; 2025. Disponible en: https://www.inegi.org.mx/contenidos/saladeprensa/boletines/2025/enigh/ENIGH2024.pdf
Jackson MC, Vasquez A, Ojo O, Fialkow A, Hammond S, Stredny CM, et al. Identifying barriers to care in the pediatric acute seizure care pathway. Int J Integr Care. 2022;22(1):28. doi:10.5334/ijic.5598
Aklamanu BW. A review of neuroimaging in epilepsy: diagnostic strategies and clinical decision framework. Brain Disord. 2025;19:100261. doi:10.1016/j.dscb.2025.100261
Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Con primera unidad de monitoreo de video electroencefalograma se beneficia a pacientes con epilepsia. Boletín No. 348/2023. México: IMSS; 2023. Disponible en: https://www.imss.gob.mx/prensa/archivo/202307/348
Talıbov T, İnci M, Ismayılov R, Elmas S, Büyüktopçu E, Kepenek AO, et al. The relationship of psychiatric comorbidities and symptoms, quality of life, and stigmatization in patients with epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav. 2024;156:109838. doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.109838
Bao Y, Zhang X, Fei X, Yu X, Tang M, Sun C. Epilepsy with psychiatric comorbidities unveils prominent temporal-lobe MRI lesions and elevated frontotemporal interictal discharges. J Craniofac Surg. 2025;36(8):e1386-e1391. doi:10.1097/SCS.0000000000011954
Costanza C, Siciliano M, Gallai B, Gamirova R, Carotenuto M. Epilepsy and sleep. En: Carotenuto M, editor. Epilepsy and sleep. IntechOpen; 2025. Disponible en: https://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.1008482
Reséndiz Aparicio JC, et al. Guías clínicas del programa prioritario de epilepsia del sector salud, México. Rev Mex Neurocienc. 2020;21(Suppl 1). Disponible en: http://www.epilepsiamexico.gob.mx/novedades/Guias_clinicas_2020.pdf
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Revista Salud y Administración

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Proceso de registro de usuario 

