Analysis of Reasons for Emergency-Department Admissions among Geriatric Patients in Mexico City Health Services

Abstract

Introduction: The rapidly aging population poses significant challenges for healthcare systems, particularly in emergency services. Geriatric patients often present with multiple comorbidities, yet traditional emergency care models are not optimally designed to address their complex needs. This study examines the primary reasons for emergency department (ED) visits among older adults in Mexico City hospitals.Materials and Methods: We conducted a descriptive, observational, retrospective, cross-sectional study using data from Mexico’s National Basic Health Information System. Records of deaths, discharges, and emergency visits from January to June 2022 were analyzed. Results: A total of 103,415 emergency visits were recorded across thirteen hospitals, with 9,541 (9.23%) involving geriatric patients. The Dr. Rubén Leñero Hospital had the highest proportion of geriatric visits (12.73%), while the General Hospital of Tláhuac had the lowest (6.11%). The mean patient age was 74.5 years, with a predominance of female patients (55.4%). Non-urgent cases accounted for 66.4% of visits. The most frequent diagnoses were COVID-19, trauma, and chronic conditions such as hypertension and diabetes. Most patients were discharged (79%), whereas 3.7% died in the ED. Conclusions: Disparities exist in access to and management of geriatric emergency care. Implementing specialized triage protocols and staff training is crucial to improving outcomes and reducing morbidity and mortality in this population.