Acute Alitiasic Cholecystitis: A Purpose of a Case in Adolescent Patient

Abstract

Alitiasic cholecystitis is an infrequent surgical condition in the pediatric population. Approximately 2 to 15% of the cases are reported as a condition that is increasingly being diagnosed in critically ill patients. The most common described causes of the disease are of infectious origin, following those of traumatic origin, burns and dehydration respectively. In patients without known pathologies, this condition is rare. According to the pathophysiology, it is believed that it is generated by ischemia in nutritional vessels, causing inflammation and chronic bile stasis.The usual finding in imaging studies is a marked gallbladder which is distended with thick walls (> 3-4 mm) with or without pericolec- tistic fluid. For detection, clinical history, exploration, and use of cabinets and laboratories are recommended. Nevertheless, means of detection emphasize high sensitivity and specificity ultrasounds in addition to Computerized Axial Tomography (CT or CAT). Initial treatment is supported by hydration, analgesic and antibiotics and in light of inadequate response and depending on the patient’s condition, use of open or laparoscopic cholecystectomy is used.The reported mortality rate is 10-50% for alyssiatic cholecystitis compared to 1% for lithiasis cholecystitis.