Clinical and Epidemiological Description of the Association of Arterial Hypertension in Patients with COVID-19

Abstract

Introduction: At the end of December 2019, in China, Hubei, Wuhan, an outbreak of pneumonia cases with a causal pathogen 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was identified. Systemic arterial hypertension has been associated as a risk factor for SARS CoV2 infection. Methodology: An observational, descriptive, crosssectional retrospective study at the Dr. Enrique Cabrera General Hospital in Mexico City, from April 1 to June 10, 2020. The inclusion criteria was a confirmed infection by RT-PCR for SARS-COV2 in patients hospitalized with a previous diagnosis of systemic arterial hypertension. Results: From April 1 to June 10, 2020, 581 RT-PCR tests for SARS CoV2, of which there were 428 with a positive result, in which 102 patients were reported with a previous diagnosis of Systemic Arterial Hypertension. 65.7% of the population was male, 52.9% with a smoking habit, and an average temperature of 37.41ºC. With partial oxygen saturation (SpO2) 75.97% and a SpO2/FiO2 ratio 339.5, the following values were presented on average: neutrophils 10.98 x103/mm3, lymphocytes0.90 x103/ mm3, glucose in deceased 279.2 mg/dL and in recovered 179.5 mg/dL, creatinine 1.22 mg/dL, procalcitonin 0.98 ng / ml, protein C reactive 21.33 mg / dL. Discussion: Arterial hypertension has been positioned as one of the main comorbidities that coexist with SARS CoV2 infection. This population presents specific characteristics that contribute to the pathophysiological process. Therefore in the patient outcome, some of these factors are cardiovascular and immunological alterations, as well as an established pro-inflammatory state in these patients. Conclusions: It was observed that systemic arterial hypertension causes patients with a SARS CoV2 infection to present more sever conditions than in a population that does not have this disease.